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Heroe Cesar E. Chavez

ImageCesar Chávez (31 de marzo de 1927 – 23 de abril de 1993), fue un mexicano-estadounidense, activista de derechos civiles para campesinos, quien con Dolores Huerta formó la Asociación Nacional de Trabajadores del Campo NFWA por sus siglas en inglés y que después cambió a Unión de Trabajadores Campesinos. Logró numerosos avances en derechos para trabajadores. Se opuso a leyes que no garantizaban major pago y mejores condiciones laborales para los trabajadores del campo. Está considerado como uno de los más importantes luchadores sociales de derechos para campesinos en los Estados Unidos.

En 1965, Chávez y la NFWA dirigieron una huelga de los recolectores de uva en demanda de mejores salarios, apoyada por un boicot de uvas. Cinco años después, sus esfuerzos resultaron en la primera victoria importante para los trabajadores inmigrantes en EE.UU. Continuó la lucha contra las compañías más grandes, y llegó a participar en tres huelgas de hambre por salarios y mejores condiciones laborales. Cuando murió estaba participando en otro boicot de uvas para protestar contra el uso de pesticidas dañinos.

Heroes Hispanos Hispanos Heroes

Biografia:

Cesar E. Chaves-Boy
Cesar E. Chaves-Boy
Chávez nació cerca de Yuma, Arizona. Empezó a trabajar en el campo a los 10 años de edad, con el resto de su familia, cuando perdieron su granja durante la Gran Depresión. Asistió a más de 30 escuelas, pero terminó su educación formal con el octavo grado.

In 1942, when César was in eighth grade, his father was in a car accident and César quit school in order to work in the fields with his brother and sister. César did not want his mother to have to work. Working in the fields was very difficult. The growers demanded that farm workers use the short-handled hoe, so that workers could be close to the ground while thinning the plants; this hoe caused severe back pain. Often there was no clean water to drink or bathrooms for the farm workers to use and they had to work around dangerous pesticides. César worked long hours and felt that the growers treated farm workers without dignity as if they were not human beings and he knew this was not right.

César in his Navy Uniform. 

Cesar E. Chaves-US Navy
Cesar E. Chaves-US Navy
  In 1944, César joined the United States Navy and served overseas for two years. While in the Navy he witnessed that other people suffered the pain of prejudice because they spoke different languages or were of different heritages. When he returned from the Navy he went returned to Delano to help his family work in the fields.

Cesar E. Chavez se union a las militar estadounidense en 1944. El sufrio el el dolor de los perjuicios por hablar una lengua  y herencias diferentes. Cuando regreso de la Navy el regreso a Delano para ayudar a su familia que trabaja en el campo.

Cesar E. Chavez forma su familia:

Photo Courtesy of César E. Chávez Foundation
César, his wife Helen, and their six children in a family photograph. 

Heroes Hispanos Hispanos Heroes

in 1948, when César was twenty-one years old, he married Helen Fabela, and together they had eight children. Helen became an important partner with César as he began to fulfill his dream of improving the lives of farm workers.

Cesar E. Chaves-Family
Cesar E. Chaves-Family
  In 1962, César and his wife Helen moved with their children to Delano, California, in order to create a farm workers union. César worked for three years recruiting and teaching farm workers how to solve their problems. Since César did not earn much money while organizing farm workers, Helen worked picking grapes to support the family. The farm workers grew to trust César and many decided to join his union.

César needed help and asked people to join him in Delano to help him organize and to become leaders in the union. These people came and worked without pay, and were fed by farm workers. César thought it was beautiful to be able to give up everything in order to help others. In 1962, the National Farm Workers Association (NFWA) was born. It would later become known as the United Farm Workers (UFW). César E. Chávez was elected president, Dolores Huerta and Gilbert Padilla, vice-presidents, and Antonio Orendain, secretary-treasurer. The union adopted a flag that had a black eagle which represented the dark situation the farm worker found himself in, a white circle that signified hope, and a red background which represented the sacrifice and work the UFW would have to suffer in order to gain justice. Their official slogan was “Viva La Causa” (Long Live our Cause). César wanted to build a strong union that could fight for justice.

Fundó la  Asociación Nacional de Trabajadores del Campo (National Farm Workers Association, en inglés) que después se convertiría en la coalición.

César E. Chávez was a Latino farm worker who became a great force as a union leader, civil rights leader, environmentalist, and humanitarian. With courage, sacrifice, and hope, he provided service to others and dedicated his life to bring justice, dignity, and respect to farm workers and to poor people. He worked to improve the lives of farm workers and he led the United Farm Workers to victory in their fight for better working and living conditions.  Image He led a nonviolent social movement to bring about change and to demand civil rights. His efforts against the use of harmful pesticides gained the support of citizens across the State of California and throughout the United States. He inspired millions of people to work and support his efforts for social change and justice. He received numerous honors for his work including the Presidential Medal of Freedom Award, the highest honor awarded to a civilian, and the creation of a holiday and day of service and learning by the State of California. 

Trabajadores del Campo Unidos (United Farm Workers). También apoyó la organización de LULAC por muchos años. Se volvió un héroe del movimiento laboral estadunidense por apoyar los derechos laborales de los inmigrantes latinos. Chávez también era vegetariano.

Chávez es celebrado en California, donde el congreso local aprobó en el año 2000 una propuesta para crear un día festivo pagado en su honor. Image El día festivo es celebrado el 31 de marzo, en el cumpleaños de Chávez. Texas también reconoce el día, y en Arizona y Colorado es día festivo opcional. Este día festivo es el primero en la historia de los Estados Unidos otorgado a un méxico-estadounidense y a un líder de los trabajadores. En su honor fundaron una escuela en la ciudad de Phoenix, Arizona. Le escuela nombrada, Cesar Chavez High School.

Muchas ciudades también han rendido honores renombrando calles y escuelas por Chávez. Entre estas ciudades se incluyen: San Francisco, Los Ángeles, Santa Bárbara, Oxnard, Houston, Albuquerque, Austin, Milwaukee, Washington D.C., Kansas City, Missouri, Saint Paul, Salt Lake City, y Phoenix. Las ciudades californianas de Sacramento, San Diego, Berkeley, y San José también han renombrado parques en su memoria. El servicio postal estadounidense le dedicó una estampilla en 2004.Murio en el año 1993 en San Luis Arizona.

 
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